Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Campylobacter spp.

Abstract

Campylobacter spp. is the cause of epidemic food poisoning in developed and

developing countries. This bacteria is one of the major causes of diarrhea in humans.

Characteristic of this bacteria is curved rod shaped like comma, motilated with flagella,

gram-negative stain, growth in low oxygen (3-6%), non carbohydrate fermentation.

Campylobacter found causing acute gastroenteritis, colitis, meningitis, appendicitis,

arthritis, Reiter’ syndrome and Guillian Barre syndrome. Campylobacter jejuni

resistant to tetracycline and fluoroquinolones group, the resistant rate has increased

a new problem of infectious diseases. Anaerobic bacteria section, National Institute of

Health received the samples from the Emerging infectious diseases surveillance project

and other clinical specimens from hospitals during 2005 to 2009. The samples of

this study composed of C. jejuni subsp. jejuni 33 C. fetus subsp. fetus 28 strains,

and C. coli 6 strains representing the 49.25%, 8.96% and 41.79%, respectively.

The antibiotic susceptibility 9 types; amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, azithromycin,

ciprofloxacin, cholramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamicin, sulfatrimethroprim and

tetracycline were tested by using E-test methods. It was found that ciprofloxacin

and sulfatrimethroprim had resistant rate in all 3 species. Mean while ampicillin and

tetracycline had resistant rate only in C. jejuni subsp. jejuni and C. coli. The antibiotics

that had no resistant rate are amoxycillin/clavulanic acid and chloramphenicol as

regards. Azithromycin had the lowest MIC90 0.125 μg./ml.         in C. jejuni subsp. jejuni

but on the other side azithromycin had highest MIC90 256 μg./ml in     C. coli as same

as  erythromycin in  C. coli.